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Biogrammar Summary of Alzheimer's Disease: Targeting the Cholinergic System 1.0.0

Table of Contents

  1. Unstable Pairs
  2. Contradictory Triplets
  3. Unstable Triplets
  4. Causal Pathologies

Unstable Pairs 1

Chaotic Pairs
Nodes that mutually increase each other, such as when both A increases B and B increases A.
Dampened Pairs
Nodes that mutually decrease each other, such as when both A decreases B and B decreases A.

While neither chaotic nor dampened pairs are biologically invalid, they require additional context to understand their regulation.

Type Node A Node B
Chaotic a(CHEBI:acetylcholine) a(CHEBI:choline)

Contradictory Triplets 2

Analysis of triple stability comes from a deep graph theoretic background. It identifies triangles within the graph that have logically inconsistent relations.

Separately Unstable Triplet
When both A positiveCorrelation B, B negativeCorrelation C, but C positiveCorrelation A.
Mutually Unstable Triplets
When both A negativeCorrelation B, B negativeCorrelation C, and C negativeCorrelation A.
Jens Contradictory Triplet
When A increases B, A decreases C, and C positiveCorrelation A.
Increase Mismatch Triplet
When A increases B, A increases C, and C negativeCorrelation A.
Decrease Mismatch Triplet
When A decreases B, A decreases C, and C negativeCorrelation A.
Type Node A Node B Node C
Jens a(CHEBI:acetylcholine) a(MESH:"Cholinergic Neurons") bp(GO:memory)
Jens a(CHEBI:"calcium(2+)") a(CHEBI:acetylcholine) a(MESH:"Receptors, Nicotinic")

Unstable Triplets 1

Like unstable pairs, unstable triplets require additional context to understand their mechanisms of regulation.

Chaotic Triplets
A triplet of nodes that mutually increase each other, such as when A increases B, B increases C, and C increases A.
Dampened Triplets
A triplet of nodes that mutually decreases each other, such as when A decreases B, B decreases C, and C decreases A.
Type Node A Node B Node C
Chaotic a(CHEBI:"calcium(2+)") a(CHEBI:acetylcholine) a(MESH:"Receptors, Nicotinic")

Causal Pathologies 2

Pathologies are more dogmatically the result of molecular and physical processes, and do not necessarily make sense as the subject of causal statements.

Source Relation Target
path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") increases a(MESH:"Basal Nucleus of Meynert")
path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") decreases p(HGNC:CHAT)

About

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If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.