Cell Membrane
However, a recent study blocking the conversion of testosterone to estrogen found an estrogen-independent improvement in cognitive function and lowering of plaque formation along with a decrease in BACE1 mRNA, protein level, and activity [211]. In addition, testosterone may also reduce the protein level of PS1 [196] PubMed:21214928
Indeed, phorbol ester’s effect on sAPPalpha secretion and Abeta generation though activation of protein kinase C (PKC) has been known for a long time [201-203] PubMed:21214928
Additionally, estrogen has been found to facilitate binding of Rab11 to the TGN membrane and a dominant negative Rab11 mutant abolishes the estrogen-regulated change in APP trafficking, leading to increased Abeta formation [197] PubMed:21214928
Indeed, phorbol ester’s effect on sAPPalpha secretion and Abeta generation though activation of protein kinase C (PKC) has been known for a long time [201-203] PubMed:21214928
PKC stimulates sAPPalpha secretion, reducing Abeta levels, even when the phosphorylation sites on APP are mutated or the entire cytoplasmic domain is deleted [204] PubMed:21214928
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If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.