Meninges
This VEGF-C treatment led to a significant increase in the function of meningeal lymphatic vessels in old mice, whereas young–adult mice did not respond to the treatment (Extended Data Fig. 7d, e), probably due to the ceiling effect of their existing capacity to drain OVA-A647 PubMed:30046111
Analysis of lymphoid and myeloid cell populations in the meninges (Extended Data Fig. 9d) demonstrated a significant increase in the number of macrophages upon lymphatic ablation compared to both control groups (Extended Data Fig. 9e), which might be correlated with increased amyloid-β deposition and inflammation in the meninges PubMed:30046111
Similar impairments in spatial learning and memory were observed in mice that had undergone lymphatic ligation (Extended Data Fig. 5g–j), supporting the notion that the observed effect is a result of dysfunctional meningeal lymphatic drainage and not an artefact of the ablation method using visudyne PubMed:30046111
However, significant differences in hippocampal gene expression were found in response to MWM performance after prolonged meningeal lymphatic ablation (Extended Data Fig. 5m, n) PubMed:30046111
Enrichment analysis revealed, however, changes in gene sets involved in immune and inflammatory responses, phospholipid metabolism, extracellular matrix organization, cellular adhesion and endothelial tube morphogenesis, all of which suggest that there are functional alterations in meningeal LECs with age (Fig. 2c). PubMed:30046111
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If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.