p(FPLX:RAS)
The classic MAPK cascade involves activation of the small GTPase Ras, and the kinases Raf and MEK [86,87]. Downstream consequences of MAPK activation include activation of the ribosomal S6 kinases (Rsk) and the MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAP2), which phosphorylates several transcription factors including Elk-1 and cAMP-regulated response element binding protein (CREB) [85]. The physiological significance of this elaborate NGF-induced network remains unclear, but the sustained activation of MAPK is linked to neurotrophin-mediated neurite outgrowth [88,89] PubMed:18986241
A second downstream pathway is the PI3K/Akt pathway that regulates neurotrophin-mediated survival responses in PC12 cells [90,91]. Regulation of this pathway involves upstream elements including Ras/Gab1/IRS1 [92,93]. PubMed:18986241
A second downstream pathway is the PI3K/Akt pathway that regulates neurotrophin-mediated survival responses in PC12 cells [90,91]. Regulation of this pathway involves upstream elements including Ras/Gab1/IRS1 [92,93]. PubMed:18986241
Paradoxically, Abeta also activates the MAPK pathway through an alpha7-dependent pathway (Dineley et al., 2001; Bell et al., 2004). In human oral keratinocytes, the Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/ERK pathway cooperates with the nicotine activation of the JAK/STAT-3 pathway (Arredondo et al., 2006); the Ras pathway induces STAT-3 upregulation whereas the JAK/STAT-3 pathway phosphorylates STAT-3. PubMed:19293145
A second downstream pathway is the PI3K/Akt pathway that regulates neurotrophin-mediated survival responses in PC12 cells [90,91]. Regulation of this pathway involves upstream elements including Ras/Gab1/IRS1 [92,93]. PubMed:18986241
A second downstream pathway is the PI3K/Akt pathway that regulates neurotrophin-mediated survival responses in PC12 cells [90,91]. Regulation of this pathway involves upstream elements including Ras/Gab1/IRS1 [92,93]. PubMed:18986241
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If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.