Lysosomes
Cilostazol (a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor) clears Aβ42 from neuronal cell lines by promoting autophagy, upregulating beclin 1, ATG5 and LC3, downregulating mTORC1 and inducing lysosomal cathepsin B; these actions of cilostazol involve activation of SIRT1 as well as upstream Tyr172 phosphorylation of AMPK 108,162,163 . PubMed:30116051
In the absence of PS1, the V0a1 subunit of v-ATPase is not N-glycosylated in the ER and is degraded before sufficient amounts can be delivered to autolysosomes/lysosomes to support lysosomal acidification. PubMed:22908190
Beyond its role as a component of g-secretase, Presenilin 1 (PS1) is required for lysosome acidification, which is needed to activate cathepsins and other hydrolases that carry out digestion during autophagy (Lee et al. 2010). PubMed:22908190
In the absence of PS1, the V0a1 subunit of v-ATPase is not N-glycosylated in the ER and is degraded before sufficient amounts can be delivered to autolysosomes/lysosomes to support lysosomal acidification. PubMed:22908190
These observations suggest how PS1 mutations, which impede lysosomal acidification (Lee et al. 2010), may markedly accelerate and amplify neuritic dystrophy in AD PubMed:22908190
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If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.