p(HGNC:PSEN1)
However, a recent study blocking the conversion of testosterone to estrogen found an estrogen-independent improvement in cognitive function and lowering of plaque formation along with a decrease in BACE1 mRNA, protein level, and activity [211]. In addition, testosterone may also reduce the protein level of PS1 [196] PubMed:21214928
During its transport, APP was found to interact with kinesin-I and functions as a kinesin-I membrane receptor to mediate axonal transport of beta-secretase (BACE1) and PS1 [26,27] PubMed:21214928
APP and APP/presenilin-1 (PS-1) mice do not show neurodegeneration (Irizarry et al., 1997) and yet show several features of AD, including accumulation of plaques and defects in learning (Hsiao et al., 1996), suggesting that many features of AD are not the result of neuronal loss. These animals nonetheless have swollen cholinergic nerve terminals at 12 months, suggesting defective nerve sprouting (Hernandez et al., 2001). PubMed:19293145
It is well established that mutations in PS1 result in familial AD, and until recently it was thought that this was only due to alterations in APP processing. PubMed:24027553
Furthermore, presenilin-1, the most common mutation associated with early-onset familial AD (FAD), plays an essential role in calcium homeostasis and maintaining acidic lysosomal pH, with FAD-associated mutations disrupting calcium-dependent vATPase function in lysosomes [7,18–20] PubMed:29758300
Furthermore, presenilin-1, the most common mutation associated with early-onset familial AD (FAD), plays an essential role in calcium homeostasis and maintaining acidic lysosomal pH, with FAD-associated mutations disrupting calcium-dependent vATPase function in lysosomes [7,18–20] PubMed:29758300
Ubiquilin-1 interacts with both proteasomes and ubiquitinated proteins and regulates the proteasomal degradation of various proteins, including presenilin 1 (Haapasalo et al. 2010). PubMed:22908190
In addition to augmenting γ-secretase activity, NF-κB also regulates the expression of the PS1 subunit of the γ-secretase complex PubMed:28745240
We and others have shown that PS1 can also regulate the intracellular trafficking of APP PubMed:21214928
APP and APP/presenilin-1 (PS-1) mice do not show neurodegeneration (Irizarry et al., 1997) and yet show several features of AD, including accumulation of plaques and defects in learning (Hsiao et al., 1996), suggesting that many features of AD are not the result of neuronal loss. These animals nonetheless have swollen cholinergic nerve terminals at 12 months, suggesting defective nerve sprouting (Hernandez et al., 2001). PubMed:19293145
APP and APP/presenilin-1 (PS-1) mice do not show neurodegeneration (Irizarry et al., 1997) and yet show several features of AD, including accumulation of plaques and defects in learning (Hsiao et al., 1996), suggesting that many features of AD are not the result of neuronal loss. These animals nonetheless have swollen cholinergic nerve terminals at 12 months, suggesting defective nerve sprouting (Hernandez et al., 2001). PubMed:19293145
It is well established that mutations in PS1 result in familial AD, and until recently it was thought that this was only due to alterations in APP processing. PubMed:24027553
Mutations in PS1 were shown to impair the acidification of lysosomes, which is necessary for activating the proteolytic enzymes in this compartment. Improper acidification and impaired proteolysis of substrates would compromise the autophagy system and result in the accumulation of AVs as described above. PubMed:24027553
Furthermore, presenilin-1, the most common mutation associated with early-onset familial AD (FAD), plays an essential role in calcium homeostasis and maintaining acidic lysosomal pH, with FAD-associated mutations disrupting calcium-dependent vATPase function in lysosomes [7,18–20] PubMed:29758300
Furthermore, presenilin-1, the most common mutation associated with early-onset familial AD (FAD), plays an essential role in calcium homeostasis and maintaining acidic lysosomal pH, with FAD-associated mutations disrupting calcium-dependent vATPase function in lysosomes [7,18–20] PubMed:29758300
Beyond its role as a component of g-secretase, Presenilin 1 (PS1) is required for lysosome acidification, which is needed to activate cathepsins and other hydrolases that carry out digestion during autophagy (Lee et al. 2010). PubMed:22908190
Beyond its role as a component of g-secretase, Presenilin 1 (PS1) is required for lysosome acidification, which is needed to activate cathepsins and other hydrolases that carry out digestion during autophagy (Lee et al. 2010). PubMed:22908190
In the absence of PS1, the V0a1 subunit of v-ATPase is not N-glycosylated in the ER and is degraded before sufficient amounts can be delivered to autolysosomes/lysosomes to support lysosomal acidification. PubMed:22908190
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If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.