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a(HBP:HBP00074)

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Entity

Name
HBP00074
Namespace
HBP
Namespace Version
20181029
Namespace URL
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pharmacome/terminology/785431732a26d6809b4162d98b95687d16404e63/export/hbp.belns

Appears in Networks 2

Amyloid β oligomers (AβOs) in Alzheimer’s disease v1.0.0

Nuclear receptors as therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease. v1.0.0

In-Edges 10

bp(GO:aging) increases a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

An exponential increase of brain levels of AβOs in aging mice was observed. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(CHEBI:"amyloid fibril") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

In addition, the load of AβO deposits significantly correlated with fibrillar Aβ plaque deposition as well as with neuronal loss and numbers of astrocytes, although not with memory deficits. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

complex(a(HBP:HBP00074), p(HGNC:PRNP)) hasComponent a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

Appears in Networks:

a(CTO:"Mini_Mental_State_Examination") negativeCorrelation a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

Furthermore, the authors demonstrated significant, negative correlation of AβO number with the MMSE scores, what indicates that sFIDA readout seems to reflect the severity of AD, similar to the results described above. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Hippocampus

bp(GO:"astrocyte activation") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

In addition, the load of AβO deposits significantly correlated with fibrillar Aβ plaque deposition as well as with neuronal loss and numbers of astrocytes, although not with memory deficits. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

bp(GO:"neuron death") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

In addition, the load of AβO deposits significantly correlated with fibrillar Aβ plaque deposition as well as with neuronal loss and numbers of astrocytes, although not with memory deficits. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

In very early stages of AD pathology, before the appearance of amyloid plaques, oligomers assemble perisomatically, rather than intracellularly, surrounding individual diffuse neurons. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

They revealed increases in AβOs and soluble TNF-R plasma levels that accurately differentiated mild AD patients from control subjects and to some extent from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Plasma

path(MESH:"Cognitive Dysfunction") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

The levels of HMW AβOs in AD or MCI patients were significantly higher than in normal controls and correlated inversely with MMSE score. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Hippocampus

path(MESH:"Cognitive Dysfunction") positiveCorrelation a(HBP:HBP00074) View Subject | View Object

They revealed increases in AβOs and soluble TNF-R plasma levels that accurately differentiated mild AD patients from control subjects and to some extent from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Plasma

Out-Edges 33

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases bp(GO:"neuron death") View Subject | View Object

Moreover, it was postulated that AβOs may trigger a harmful cascade damaging neurons and synapses (Morris et al. 2014). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases bp(GO:"neuron death") View Subject | View Object

Soluble Aβ oligomers may cause a highly selective neuronal death accelerated by increasing exposure to AβOs (Lambert et al. 1998). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) positiveCorrelation bp(GO:"neuron death") View Subject | View Object

In addition, the load of AβO deposits significantly correlated with fibrillar Aβ plaque deposition as well as with neuronal loss and numbers of astrocytes, although not with memory deficits. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases a(MESH:Synapses) View Subject | View Object

Moreover, it was postulated that AβOs may trigger a harmful cascade damaging neurons and synapses (Morris et al. 2014). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases a(MESH:Synapses) View Subject | View Object

In normal rats, impaired memory of a learned behavior was observed after intraventricular application of soluble oligomers of Aβ42 isolated directly from human AD brains (Shankar et al. 2008). Furthermore, AβO injections resulted in reduction of a synapse number and their function in dose-dependent manner. It also led to the inhibition of LTP and enhancement of long-term synaptic depression (LTD) in rodent hippocampus (Shankar et al. 2008). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases a(MESH:Synapses) View Subject | View Object

These results are in line with findings of Koffie et al. (2009), who revealed that AβOs surrounding plaques contribute to synapse loss in a mouse model of AD. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases bp(GO:memory) View Subject | View Object

It was also demonstrated that fibril-free AβO solutions are essential for memory loss (Brito-Moreira et al. 2017), while the fibrillar Aβ in amyloid deposits is not the active factor affecting the cognition (Martins et al. 2008). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases bp(GO:memory) View Subject | View Object

It was also shown that soluble AβOs may directly trigger dysfunction of neural signaling, which leads to early memory loss and the progression of dementia in AD. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases bp(GO:memory) View Subject | View Object

In normal rats, impaired memory of a learned behavior was observed after intraventricular application of soluble oligomers of Aβ42 isolated directly from human AD brains (Shankar et al. 2008). Furthermore, AβO injections resulted in reduction of a synapse number and their function in dose-dependent manner. It also led to the inhibition of LTP and enhancement of long-term synaptic depression (LTD) in rodent hippocampus (Shankar et al. 2008). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

In very early stages of AD pathology, before the appearance of amyloid plaques, oligomers assemble perisomatically, rather than intracellularly, surrounding individual diffuse neurons. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Alzheimer Disease") View Subject | View Object

They revealed increases in AβOs and soluble TNF-R plasma levels that accurately differentiated mild AD patients from control subjects and to some extent from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Plasma

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases bp(GO:"neuronal signal transduction") View Subject | View Object

It was also shown that soluble AβOs may directly trigger dysfunction of neural signaling, which leads to early memory loss and the progression of dementia in AD. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases path(MESH:Dementia) View Subject | View Object

It was also shown that soluble AβOs may directly trigger dysfunction of neural signaling, which leads to early memory loss and the progression of dementia in AD. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Alzheimer Disease

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases bp(GO:"long-term synaptic potentiation") View Subject | View Object

Moreover, in brain slices, AβOs rapidly inhibited long-term potentiation (LTP) of synapses (Klein et al. 2001). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases bp(GO:"long-term synaptic potentiation") View Subject | View Object

In normal rats, impaired memory of a learned behavior was observed after intraventricular application of soluble oligomers of Aβ42 isolated directly from human AD brains (Shankar et al. 2008). Furthermore, AβO injections resulted in reduction of a synapse number and their function in dose-dependent manner. It also led to the inhibition of LTP and enhancement of long-term synaptic depression (LTD) in rodent hippocampus (Shankar et al. 2008). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Hippocampus

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases bp(GO:"signal release from synapse") View Subject | View Object

In normal rats, impaired memory of a learned behavior was observed after intraventricular application of soluble oligomers of Aβ42 isolated directly from human AD brains (Shankar et al. 2008). Furthermore, AβO injections resulted in reduction of a synapse number and their function in dose-dependent manner. It also led to the inhibition of LTP and enhancement of long-term synaptic depression (LTD) in rodent hippocampus (Shankar et al. 2008). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases bp(GO:"long term synaptic depression") View Subject | View Object

In normal rats, impaired memory of a learned behavior was observed after intraventricular application of soluble oligomers of Aβ42 isolated directly from human AD brains (Shankar et al. 2008). Furthermore, AβO injections resulted in reduction of a synapse number and their function in dose-dependent manner. It also led to the inhibition of LTP and enhancement of long-term synaptic depression (LTD) in rodent hippocampus (Shankar et al. 2008). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Hippocampus

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases p(HGNC:APP, pmod(Ph)) View Subject | View Object

AβOs can trigger changes in Tau protein characteristic for AD (Shankar et al. 2008). They induce hyperphosphorylation of Tau at AD-specific epitopes and cause neuritic dystrophy in cultured neurons. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
Medium

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases path(MESH:"Neuroaxonal Dystrophies") View Subject | View Object

AβOs can trigger changes in Tau protein characteristic for AD (Shankar et al. 2008). They induce hyperphosphorylation of Tau at AD-specific epitopes and cause neuritic dystrophy in cultured neurons. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
Medium

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases bp(GO:"microglial cell activation") View Subject | View Object

Furthermore, it was demonstrated that AβO may not only injure the neurites of brain neurons, but also activate microglia and astrocyte response (Sondag et al. 2009). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases bp(GO:"astrocyte activation") View Subject | View Object

Furthermore, it was demonstrated that AβO may not only injure the neurites of brain neurons, but also activate microglia and astrocyte response (Sondag et al. 2009). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) positiveCorrelation bp(GO:"astrocyte activation") View Subject | View Object

In addition, the load of AβO deposits significantly correlated with fibrillar Aβ plaque deposition as well as with neuronal loss and numbers of astrocytes, although not with memory deficits. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) positiveCorrelation a(CHEBI:"amyloid fibril") View Subject | View Object

In addition, the load of AβO deposits significantly correlated with fibrillar Aβ plaque deposition as well as with neuronal loss and numbers of astrocytes, although not with memory deficits. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases act(p(HGNC:GRIN1)) View Subject | View Object

Excessive activation of NMDAR by soluble AβOs triggers disproportionate influx of Ca2+ into neurons, which leads to excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and loss of synapses (Zhao et al. 2004). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
Medium

a(HBP:HBP00074) regulates tloc(p(HGNC:GRIA1), fromLoc(GO:"extracellular region"), toLoc(GO:intracellular)) View Subject | View Object

Soluble AβOs, but not monomers, mediate the internalization of the GluA1/GluA2 subunits by endocytosis (Zhang et al. 2011), leading to synaptic dysfunction (Hsieh et al. 2006). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
Medium

a(HBP:HBP00074) regulates tloc(p(HGNC:GRIA2), fromLoc(GO:"extracellular region"), toLoc(GO:intracellular)) View Subject | View Object

Soluble AβOs, but not monomers, mediate the internalization of the GluA1/GluA2 subunits by endocytosis (Zhang et al. 2011), leading to synaptic dysfunction (Hsieh et al. 2006). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
Medium

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases act(p(HGNC:NGFR)) View Subject | View Object

Synapse targeting of AβOs involves activation of p75NTR. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Hippocampus

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases p(HGNC:INSR) View Subject | View Object

In cultures of mature hippocampal neurons, soluble AβOs caused a rapid, substantial loss of surface IRs, especially on dendrites (Zhao et al. 2010). PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Hippocampus

a(HBP:HBP00074) negativeCorrelation a(CTO:"Mini_Mental_State_Examination") View Subject | View Object

Furthermore, the authors demonstrated significant, negative correlation of AβO number with the MMSE scores, what indicates that sFIDA readout seems to reflect the severity of AD, similar to the results described above. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Hippocampus

a(HBP:HBP00074) positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Cognitive Dysfunction") View Subject | View Object

The levels of HMW AβOs in AD or MCI patients were significantly higher than in normal controls and correlated inversely with MMSE score. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Hippocampus

a(HBP:HBP00074) positiveCorrelation path(MESH:"Cognitive Dysfunction") View Subject | View Object

They revealed increases in AβOs and soluble TNF-R plasma levels that accurately differentiated mild AD patients from control subjects and to some extent from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. PubMed:29196815

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
MeSH
Extracellular Space
Cell Ontology (CL)
neuron
Confidence
High
MeSH
Plasma

a(HBP:HBP00074) decreases bp(GO:"synaptic signaling") View Subject | View Object

It has been postulated that soluble or small oligomeric forms of Ab have deleterious effects in the brain, inducing impaired synaptic function and promoting neuronal degeneration [5]. PubMed:21718217

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Confidence
High

a(HBP:HBP00074) increases bp(GO:"neuron death") View Subject | View Object

It has been postulated that soluble or small oligomeric forms of Ab have deleterious effects in the brain, inducing impaired synaptic function and promoting neuronal degeneration [5]. PubMed:21718217

Appears in Networks:
Annotations
Confidence
High

About

BEL Commons is developed and maintained in an academic capacity by Charles Tapley Hoyt and Daniel Domingo-Fernández at the Fraunhofer SCAI Department of Bioinformatics with support from the IMI project, AETIONOMY. It is built on top of PyBEL, an open source project. Please feel free to contact us here to give us feedback or report any issues. Also, see our Publishing Notes and Data Protection information.

If you find BEL Commons useful in your work, please consider citing: Hoyt, C. T., Domingo-Fernández, D., & Hofmann-Apitius, M. (2018). BEL Commons: an environment for exploration and analysis of networks encoded in Biological Expression Language. Database, 2018(3), 1–11.